FOOT ARCH STRAIN OF EXCESSIVE PRONATORS DURING TWO-LEGS AND ONELEG STANDING AND WALKING

INTRODUCTION: The movement of plantar fascia under the foot has been characterized by foot arch strain in vitro (Kogler, Solomonidis, & Paul, 1995). The characteristics of the foot arch strain under the static and dynamic conditions in excessive pronators are not well known. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the foot arch strain during two legs, one-leg standing and walking in excessive pronation

EFFECTS OF LANDING HEIGHT ON LOWER EXTREMITY JOINT BIOMECHANICS DURING UNILATERAL AND BILATERAL LANDINGS

The aim of this study was to examine the lower extremity kinematics and kinetics during landing phase, in response to the effects of landing height during unilateral and bilateral landing. Ten young healthy male subjects (age: 26.1±1.8yr, height: 183.2±4.4cm, weight: 76.1±6.9kg) participated in this study. Each subject performed the unilateral and bilateral landing from a 30cm and 45cm wooden platform. The results showed the peak vertical ground reaction force (PVGRF) was increased during unilateral landing and at greater landing height (

A scheduling algorithm for multiport memory minimization in datapath synthesis

Abstract- In this paper, we present a new scheduling algorithms that generates area-efficient register transfer level datapaths with multiport memories. The proposed scheduling algorithm assigns an operation to a specific control step such that maximal sharing of functional units can be achieved with minimal number of memory ports, while satisfying given constraints. We propose a measure of multiport memory cost, MAV (Multiple Access Variable) which is defined as a variable accessed at several control steps, and overall memory cost is reduced by equally distributing the MAVs throughout all the control steps. When compared with previous approaches for several benchmarks available from the literature, the proposed algorithm generates the datapaths with less memory modules and interconnection structures by reflecting the memory cost in the scheduling process

Parameter-robust linear quadratic Gaussian technique for multi-agent slung load transportation

This paper copes with parameter-robust controller design for transportation system by multiple unmanned aerial vehicles. The transportation is designed in the form of string connection. Minimal state-space realization of slung-load dynamics is obtained by Newtonian approach with spherical coordinates. Linear quadratic Gaussian / loop transfer recovery (LQG/LTR) is implemented to control the position and attitude of all the vehicles and payloads. The controller's robustness against variation of payload mass is improved using parameter-robust linear quadratic Gaussian (PRLQG) method. Numerical simulations are conducted with several transportation cases. The result verifies that LQG/LTR shows fast performance while PRLQG has its strong point in robustness against system variation

Validation of the Dimensions of Anger Reactions Scale (the DAR-5) in non-clinical South Korean adults

Background Posttraumatic anger is a commonly reported emotion among people who have experienced traumatic events. The current study aimed to demonstrate the reliability and validity of the South Korean version of the DAR-5 (DAR-5-K). The DAR-5 is a single scale with 5 items which measures posttraumatic anger. The DAR-5 is composed of five items that measure anger frequency, intensity, duration, aggression, and its interference with social relations. Methods Data were collected from 814 South Korean adults who had experienced traumatic events and participated in the study and analyzed via the combination of exploratory factor analysis (n = 405) and confirmatory factor analysis (n = 409). Results Results supported the one-factor structure, as reported in previous validation studies. The scale demonstrated robust internal reliability and concurrent validity with measures of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, depression, anxiety, and self-esteem. The DAR-5 cut-off score of 12 that was established in the original validation study successfully differentiated high from low scorers with regard to PTSD symptoms, depression, anxiety, and self-esteem. Conclusion The results confirm that the DAR-5-K is a brief and psychometrically robust measure of anger that can be used to examine South Korean adults who have experienced traumatic events

Multipar-T: Multiparty-Transformer for Capturing Contingent Behaviors in Group Conversations

As we move closer to real-world AI systems, AI agents must be able to deal with multiparty (group) conversations. Recognizing and interpreting multiparty behaviors is challenging, as the system must recognize individual behavioral cues, deal with the complexity of multiple streams of data from multiple people, and recognize the subtle contingent social exchanges that take place amongst group members. To tackle this challenge, we propose the Multiparty-Transformer (Multipar-T), a transformer model for multiparty behavior modeling. The core component of our proposed approach is the Crossperson Attention, which is specifically designed to detect contingent behavior between pairs of people. We verify the effectiveness of Multipar-T on a publicly available video-based group engagement detection benchmark, where it outperforms state-of-the-art approaches in average F-1 scores by 5.2% and individual class F-1 scores by up to 10.0%. Through qualitative analysis, we show that our Crossperson Attention module is able to discover contingent behavior.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, IJCA

NEGATIVE STRAIN IN THE SOLEUS POSTERIOR APONEUROSIS DURING HUMAN VOLUNTARY ISOMETRIC CONTRACTION

Aponeurosis in a pennate muscle has been modelled as an in-series structure (3) with homogeneous elasticity along the length of the muscle. Therefore, one can readily assume that muscle and aponeurosis sustain forces in the same proportion and thus, aponeurosis strain (L/L0) is homogeneous. This study aimed to investigate force-elongation (strain) characteristics of aponeurosis in in-vivo human soleus during voluntary contraction

Exposure to toluene diisocyanate (TDI) induces IL-8 production from bronchial epithelial cells: effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

This investigation was designed to confirm IL-8 production from human bronchial epithelial cells with toluene diisocyanate (TDI) exposure and to examine the effects of pro-inflammatory cytokine and dexamethasone. We cultured Beas-2B, a bronchial epithelial cell line with TDI-HSA conjugate and compared with those without conjugate. IL-8 in the supernatant was measured by ELISA. To evaluate the effect of proinflammatory cytokines, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were collected from TDI- and non-TDI asthma patients, and were added to the epithelial cell culture. Dexamethasone or antibodies to TNF-alpha and IL-1beta were pre-incubated with PBMC supernatant. There was a significant production of IL-8 from bronchial epithelial cells with addition of TDI-HSA conjugate in a dose-dependent manner, which was significantly augmented with addition of PBMC supernatant. Higher production of IL-8 was noted with addition of PBMC supernatant from TDI-asthma patients than in those from non-TDI asthma patients. IL-1beta and IL-1beta/TNF alpha antibodies were able to suppress the IL-8 productions. Pre-treatment of dexamethasone induced dose-dependent inhibition of the IL-8 production. These results suggest that the IL-8 production from bronchial epithelial cells contribute to neutrophil recruitment occurring in TDI-induced airway inflammation. IL-1beta released from PBMC of TDI-induced asthma patients may be one of the pro-inflammatory cytokines to enhance IL-8 production